Wonder Woman

Wonder woman is one of the greatest superheroes of all time. She was conceived as a symbol of loving femininity that would dominate the male instincts towards war and destruction; she does this through empowerment. Wonder Woman acts as a very condensed version of Charles Moulton, the creator of Wonder Woman, theories on gender and the urges of men and woman. Although misrepresenting his own theory of the humanity for men and women, Wonder Woman is the perfect allegory to Moulton’s idea that men can only be forceful and aggressive, while women are capable of both force and love. Women represent love; men represent force. Man’s use of force without love brings evil and unhappiness. Wonder Woman proves that women are superior to men because they have love as an additional force† (Steinem 345). In the Wonder Woman comic book, as a reminder of what they were put through and why they were made, all Amazons must wear bracelets that resemble the shackles they were once th reatened with. Most young boys do not possess the empathy needed to put themself in the mind of an Amazon princess.For the ones who do, are often ridiculed for having an egalitarian worldview about men and women. â€Å"No wonder I was inspired and confused by the isolationism of Paradise Island: Did woman have to live separately in order to be happy and courageous? No wonder even boys who could accept equality might have felt less than good about themselves in some of these stories: Were there any men who could escape the cultural instruction to be violent? , Steinem stated showing her empathy for young boys. This just goes to show that no matter how against the grain one may be for their time, some parts of the culture, especially in regards to gender roles, gets drilled into your head. Ignoring all of the controversy on the situation, males should be able to form their own conclusions about equality in American society today without conviction and travesty from others.

Analysis of Arthur Miller’s Presentation of Abigail Essay

Arthur Miller wrote the play â€Å"The Crucible† in 1953 which was in the middle of the McCarthy political ‘witch-hunt’ in America. However the story had appealed to the playwright for many years, therefore ‘The Crucible’ can be described as a political parable as it was inspired by the decade of McCarthyism. Miller wrote the play set in an area of Massachusetts called Salem in 1692 where some adolescent girls were dabbling with supernatural powers and witchcraft. They were eventually jailed and the jails were filled with men and women accused of witchcraft. Ultimately twenty people ended up hung. The inhabitants of Salem were rigid in their interpretation of the Bible, believing in witches and the Devil. They believed also that the Bible instructed them that witches must be hanged. This relates to the McCarthy trails that were happening in the USA during the 1950s as the trails were about the admission of adherence to communism, consequently witnesses were brought before the committee to name names. This naming approach was very similar to the process of witch trials; Miller then began to relate this to the public confessions as parallel with the naming of names at Salem in 1692. Subsequently Arthur Miller wrote a play in relation to this and uses Abigail to convey similar ideas to the McCarthy Trials in the 1950s. In the McCarthy trails the only way to clear your name was to name members of the extremist party, but even still a person’s reputation would be extremely tarnished. Therefore I will be looking at the presentation of Abigail and how it conveys this idea, in relation to the McCarthy Trials. During the beginning of Act One we discover Abigail is a girl who can’t be trusted and people don’t believe her. Paris refers to her as a ‘child’ so she is assumed as being young and questioned over how she can make up so many lies. From being referred to as a ‘child’ the audience makes an assumption that Abigail acts younger than her age and there is immense significance of this quote as she is referred to as a ‘child’ more than once and by different characters. Abigail has endless capacity for dissembling so she is a brilliant liar and doesn’t know when to stop. Her lies in this particular scene appear not to be very convincing as she is worried and anxious; hence she is lying for a way out. From this Abigail could be presented to be small and weak as she is forced to sit in a chair while Parris towers over her and doesn’t take any action of rejection. Parris is threatening Abigail to tell the truth as she is a compulsive liar; consequently it is extremely hard to get her to tell the truth. Our impression of Abigail develops later on in Act One as she loses her innocence since she becomes no longer believable to the audience, her lies are over looked by them as they realise she is withholding the truth. When Proctor enters Abigail starts to become nervous which is highlighted from her reaction whilst she is alone with him and he says ‘Ah, your wicked yet, aren’t y’! ‘ Abigail reacts with a nervous ‘laughter’ and becomes frightened of Proctor. Consequently Proctor acts powerful and continues to act powerful and dominant towards Abigail by forcefully saying ‘child’ to Abigail to give recognition of her still being a child, this is the second time that Abigail has been called a ‘child’ by different characters highlighting the importance. While Abigail does react angrily and infuriately to appear powerful and gain control over Proctor, her reactions are childish, she moans when she doesn’t get her own way, so she acts like a little ‘child’ which is why she is being called a ‘child’. This part of the play is foreshadowing events to come, we know that she is going to eventually turn wicked and evil so her innocence is lost as we realise that she will later turn wicked as the wickedness can be used as a way out. When Abigail is alone with the girls she takes control of them and becomes the leader of the group and the girls begin to look to her for an answer so they look up to her. They follow her lead so she has the power of the group. She gains this power of the girls by saying ‘I will come to you in the black of some terrible night and I will bring a pointy reckoning that will shudder you. ‘ Abigail threatens the other girls so they are so frightened of her that they follow her lead, this becomes clear nearing the end of Act Three. The word ‘shudder’ is onomatopoeia and this adds dramatic affect and gives you a real sense of the word and makes it come to life and sound real. It is this word order which Miller uses that makes you really think that this is going to happen if the other girls do not obey her. The adjectives used during this statement from Abigail are ‘black’ then ‘terrible’ and ‘pointy’ these are all threatening adjectives and are the type of words that you would visualize when a murder was taking place so this intensifies their anxiety. During this scene the audience discover just how devious and manipulative she can be, in this instance she shows this by being threatening and dangerous to the other girls. Danger changes sides towards the end of Act One during Abigail’s questioning as she starts to become frantic. She begins rushing out excuses as quickly as possible to conceal her lies, as she comes dangerous close to being exposed. Abigail is scared of the fact that if people don’t believe her, then she will be caught in the act of lying, she is anxious about this. Furthermore Hale says ‘perhaps some bird invisible to others comes to you’ thus implying an insight to the deviousness of Abigail. This provides inspiration later for Act Four; therefore implying Abigail is not innocent and is an untrustworthy character with a deeper meaning, perhaps Abigail is lying. Abigail proceeds out of this situation by catching on to the circumstances there are in hand and uses them as weapons to propose the excuse of making herself look like the victim in this entirety. Consequently people can’t accuse her, which because of her selfish behaviour leads her on to accusing Tituba by saying ‘She makes me drink blood! ‘ This describes Abigail’s destructive nature and the deviousness of Abigail’s thinking put into practice. From this I can call Abigail opportunistic as she has seen a way out; she has explored it and taken it. While this is selfish behaviour, it is certainly a very clever move by Abigail to relieve some of the pressure from her and give her a chance to think about what she is going to say next. The audiences’ response from this action taken by Abigail is that it is ludicrous that she can accuse somebody and say a few words and make the court believe her. This links in with the McCarthy trials because all the court was interested in was names and they were so desperate for a name that once one was named with a motive they seized it.

Windows 7 vs. Windows 8

Topic: Contrasting differences, resemblance and evaluation of two computer operating systems, Windows 7 and Windows 8. The release of Windows 8 has divided the online community in two contradictory groups. Some users appear to enjoy the new features and performance of the newest Windows operating system, while others recommend choosing its well-received predecessor Windows 7 (Mikoluk, 2013). The purpose of this essay is to examine some of the primary characteristics of these operating systems.These comprise of: user interface, essential built-in software components, system requirements and finally, performance of two systems based on various computer test results. This essay has been organised in the following way, firstly it looks at vital characteristics of operating system user interface, it continues by analysing essential built-in software components, then proceeds by highlighting system requirements and finally, it will outline the performance of two systems based on various co mputer test results.User interface is an outer layer and one of the key components of the operating ystem, which can be characterized and described by numerous aspects such as design strategy, start menu layout and touch screen functionality. Windows 7 keeps basic principles of conventional Windows interface building on â€Å"Aero† visual style features, such as subtle animations and translucent glass windows enabling a wide range of desktop personalisation possibilities (Bott et al. 2011). Incorporation of the Metro design language for Windows 8 introduces a completely new tile-based design strategy, which is radically different from traditional Windows representation ocusing on only what is needed † reducing to the essence and celebrating content. ‘ (Clayton, 2013). Windows 7 start menu keeps the familiar two-column layout with the Start button located in the left corner of the taskbar (Coward and Knittel, 2010).Whereas in Windows 8, the start menu is replaced w ith a Start screen, where well-known desktop icons have been substituted with large tiles and â€Å"Live† tiles displaying real-time information and is missing the Start button (Boyce and Tidrow, 2013). Moving to touch-screen characteristics, Windows 7 software operates with imited amount of touch gestures and its targets originally designed for a miniature arrow cursor are too small (Pogue, 2013).In contrast, Windows 8 is built with focus on touch input, featuring all the latest touch screen technology innovations and introducing an expanded number of available gestures as well as a touch-friendly interface with large targets (Cirque, 2012). and security applications. Internet Explorer 8 comes as a preinstalled attribute of Windows 7 exclusively for US customers featuring the familiar â€Å"Aero† visual style user interface with add-on browser extensions as well as integrated Web Search box and abbed browsing (Stanek, 2010).Windows 8, on the other hand, comes with lat est Internet Explorer 10 browser promoting the minimalistic Metro user interface, moving away from add-ons; counting on site developers to enrich the browsing experience for users by enabling feature detection technology (Boyce and Tidrow, 2013). Internet Explorer 10 Start screen includes web search box combined with address bar and also offers multitasking with tabs (Microsoft, 2013).Moving to Security Management, Windows 7 features include built-in Firewall network security system and Windows Defender spyware protection; however for the better defence it s advisable to additionally install Microsoft Security Essentials antivirus software (Bott et al. , 2011). In Windows 8, security is also maintained by Firewall and extended confguration of Windows Defender, which replaces Microsoft Security Essentials (Microsoft, 2013).When considering similarities, both operating systems have identical minimal hardware requirements, which enable the two to run on wide range of machines (Microsof t, 2013). At he Microsoft Worldwide conference 2011 in California Tami Reller underlined: In both of our Windows 8 previews, we talked about continuing on ith the important trend that we started with Windows 7, keeping system requirements either flat or reducing them over time.Windows 7 and Windows 8 software is compatible with computers consisting of: not less than 1 gigahertz processor or faster, at least 1 gigabyte of free RAM for 32-bit versions or minimum 2 gigabytes for 64-bit versions, a free hard disc space of 16 gigabytes for 32-bit systems or 20 gigabytes for 64-bit systems as well as Microsoft DirectX9 graphics card with WDDM driver (Egan, 2012). Turning to the criteria of performance, there are significant differences in the timings hat operating systems require for essential operations such as: booting up, shutting down, waking up from sleep mode and 3D graphics implementation.As stated by Walton (2012), Windows 8 continues to expand on the effectiveness of Windows 7, w hich has proven to be a fast and productive operating system, by showing a number of improvements compared to its precursor. Muchmore's test results (2012) revealed that the booting time for Windows 8 is significantly reduced by almost a half compared to Windows 7; 17 and 38 seconds correspondingly. He also reported that he shut down time showed similar improvements; the latest version of Windows took 10 seconds, while the older operating system was 2 seconds slower.According to Muhammad (2013), Windows 8 is also faster waking up from sleep mode with only 10 seconds required for this operation which is 3 seconds ahead of Windows 7. However, Windows 7 3D graphic performance was moderately faster, although both operating systems showed very similar results (Walton, 2012). differences in both operating systems. Firstly, the most obvious difference is that Windows 7 represents traditional Windows interface, while the most recent operating ystem promotes innovative Metro design strategy with large tiles instead of familiar icons.

Whilst Early Childhood Education and Care Policy Took a Central Place Essay

Whilst Early Childhood Education and Care Policy Took a Central Place Under New Labour - Essay Example The program also depends on both the community population and poverty level. Both must attain specific standards for the policy to be implemented. It also benefits the disabled children and those with special needs. Additionally, the strategy also provides each community with equal opportunities. It was updated in 2004 and during this same year there was an expansion of the childcare facilities to 1.8 million. By the year 2006, child care centers were two million. The policy had an average budget of 400 million pounds in the years 2001 to 2004 and these were increased by 770 million pound in the year 2008 (Cohen, Moss, Petrie, and Wallace, 2004, p. 10). Recently, the project has been boosted in terms of fund sources, which include recruitment campaign, grants and neighborhood nurseries. Each source boosts different areas which include recruitment of more childcare service employees to buy new equipment for the local authorities, which fall under 20% of the most deprived wards. The fu nds so far have been allocated to projects which improve childcare. Recruitment campaign will provide funds for recruiting professionals who give advice to childcare providers (Waller, 2009, p.65). Every Child Matters (ECM) is a policy that was established in the year 2004 in form of a green paper. The policy was enacted after the Children’s Act in the year 2004. It was set to ensure there was a better outcome on its five aims which are essential aspects in growth of children between 1-19 years. The five principles of the policy are regarded as the pillars of child development. It gives emphasis on the health of a child, his or her safety,... This paper approves that professionals and academics on the other hand have their views in regard to developed policies. Professionals argue that childhood is a stage where a child should be allowed to play and be free. They are opposed to having children undergo defined curriculum and set activities. They argue that a child has the right to enjoy the present. Politicians and policy formulators develop this curriculum with the aim of having a productive workforce. The professionals argue that this is contrary to a child’s interest at their early age. They also argue that the freedom of the parent to educate their child in accordance with their own philosophies. There are more job opportunities for the professionals as the policies are being implemented. The teachers also benefit from programs that advice them on how to deal with children. The media avenues have established a key trend in the 21st century. It is evident that there is great value for early childhood development strategies. Early childhood education has been a constant feature in the magazines and other print forms. This report makes a conclusion that the childhood policies over the years are more inclined to market oriented solutions and not based on children welfare. In recent years, this has changed with the present and previous government. The British government is set to reduce child poverty and reduce the social inequality. There has been increased commitment to the establishment and implementation of the childcare policies. The policies have been as a result of the Acts of parliament.

New Look for Women in the UK Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

New Look for Women in the UK - Essay Example India is prospering economically and poses a perfect market for New Look as it has a ready market for women’s wear. Technological advancement and cheap availability of labor will enable New Look to enter the market at competitive prices. Also, currently the competition has not entered this market with full force which makes the environment more viable. However, there is cultural diversity which makes the market highly unpredictable and difficult to establish trends. Also, the laws of the country are not powerful enough to control plagiarism of designs. New Look plans to launch in the country within 3 months and growth into 200 outlets within 2 years and at first importing the range and later setting up production facilities in India itself. This can be achieved by employing the highly skilled set of local and foreign designers to cater to the different niches that exist in the market. Also, heavy promotion of 25 % of the total cost would build the lacking brand loyalty. Lastly, marketing should be controlled by monitoring the strategies used by having an in-depth evaluation every 6 months New Look is Britain’s third-largest retailer of women’s fashion. With over 540 stores across the UK, New Look now has about 250 stores in France with complete ownership of MIM, Belgium, Dubai and Kuwait it has revenue of 800 million pounds (2005) and employees 15000 workers1. New Look has a range of women of all ages and sizes, accessories range, a men’s range and a kid’s range. The core products, however, are clothing, lingerie, and shoes. The new look has 1000 factories in 45 countries and it caters to international market keeping the various fashion trends in mind2. The sales volume of New Look is increasing at a decreasing rate as competition in the current market increases. New Look, therefore, seeks to expand in a market with a big demand and where the costs would remain at a minimum to maximize profits.

Promoting Team Effectiveness Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Promoting Team Effectiveness - Essay Example Individual conflicts tend to be about personality differences in terms of preference, likes and dislikes, background and so on. These differences are natural and can be a double edged sword. If not managed properly the individual differences lead to team conflicts. Team conflict is characterized by constant disagreements, mistrust among team members, and formation of cliques which act against each other and so on. A case of individual conflict is a situation at the workplace whereby two ladies in a team fail to get along because they share affections for a fellow male colleague. In such a case this problem is purely individual. An example of team conflict is whereby members disagree about the sharing of responsibilities and work in the team. In such a case the problems emanate from the issues that are team related Decision making in a team can be difficult because it may be hard to reach a compromise whereby everyone in the team feels satisfied and like a winner. Additionally, selfish interests among team members may inhibit smooth decision making. However, in contrast, a team leader may experience problem of indifference or disinterest among team members in the area of decision making so that the leader feels disserted when making decisions. Further, a decision affecting team affairs may need to be discussed among team members and welcome their input on the matter which in turn complicates decision making. More often than not these problems of decision making stem from unclear team goals and vision, confusion over who has the final say, unwillingness to take responsibility, selfish interests among other reasons. As a leader, it is important to ensure that these issues do not extend to the point of breaking team spirit which takes so long to build. For example the problem of team members purs ing individual interests first may be resolved by elevating the team's common goal and urging members to realize that the team is bigger than their individual goals. The problem of disinterest or indifferentness in the process of decision making can be conquered by delegating duties more to team members such that they feel more competent to contribute ideas. Perhaps the problem may be that members do not feel valued in the team in which case the atmosphere within the team should change to be accommodating. Question 4 Participation is a strong aspect that attributes to effective teams. Some of the benefits of participation include greater performance/output, efficiency and effectiveness, cohesiveness, growth, innovation and so on. Given the crucial benefits of participation team leaders can devise various methods in order to stimulate/enhance participation, for instance at the workplace a manager may use delegation as a way of promoting participation. Where delegation is made part of the work culture then individuals are forced to step up beyond their comfort zones and participate in team activities. A manager may also reward system to members who show active participation in team activities so that others are enticed to participate too. Importantly, a warm atmosphere and trust in the workplace needs to be nurtured so that team members feel free and uninhibited to participate in activities. Criticisms, gossip and self centeredness should be kept at bay. Communication is also key in fostering parti cipation in the workplace. A team leader should be able to communicate to

An analysis of the Caravan industry in Hull, United Kingdom Essay

An analysis of the Caravan industry in Hull, United Kingdom - Essay Example Static caravans are used as holiday homes and they are kept stationary in various places. All these options available for holiday venture and thus individuals must make wise decisions depending on their needs. Most of the caravans are used on holiday places. In the United Kingdom, there are various holiday places where caravans are used. The most popular ones are Cleethopper, Skegness, mablethorpe, and hornsea. Caravanning activities are very popular in these places. Most of these places are found in Hull and that is why hull has become very popular with caravanning. Moreover, there are various caravan-manufacturing companies in Hull. The caravan manufacturers in hull include Willerby Holiday Homes Ltd, Burstner Ltd, Corona Caravans Ltd, and Coachman Ltd. Among these manufacturers, the major ones are Willerby Holiday Homes Ltd and Corona Caravans Ltd. The reason for this is the large market share the two companies have in the caravan industry. As showed above, Hull has several caravan manufacturers. Some manufacture static caravans while others manufacture movable caravans. The company that is popular for manufacturing static caravans in Hull is Willerby Holiday Homes Ltd. Corona Caravans Ltd on the other hand is very popular in Hull for manufacturing movable caravans. The models made by different manufacturers vary both in shape and in characteristic. The reason why the companies in this industry try do this is to increase their competitiveness in this volatile market. Productions of caravans that are different from those of other companies convert the competition in this industry to an indirect. This promotes the survival of these companies in the caravan industry. Caravan industry is the greatest employer in the United Kingdom offering more than two percent of the total workforce. The employees employed in this industry undertake various responsibilities from management to

Leadership assessment 4 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Leadership assessment 4 - Essay Example As the name of the business suggests, our Unique Selling Point is competitive pricing where we try to offer products to our customers at lowest possible rates. Retaining this price advantage in the long run is unfeasible as operating costs have to be maintained at the lowest level at all times. Expansion has increased the operating costs which renders the business unprofitable with the current low profit margin. Also competing on price is unhealthy as we remain vulnerable to new entrants that can offer better prices and customer service. Hence, as the CEO of Cheap as Chips, I will raise the current profit margin by 10% and provide extra to the customers in terms of utility and customer care through investing in our human resource capital. This will also help us to improve our reputation in the competitive market as customers are not just looking for a place to buy products of their need but a complete shopping experience where convenience and long term customer relationships is the w inning factor. In order to elevate our image, we will move from being price-centric to being customer centric. The first step towards customer satisfaction is a staff force that is ever ready to assist the customer, anticipate their problems beforehand and come up with solutions in minimum time. Performance criteria will be developed for each job description so that every employee knows what is expected of him. Performance appraisals will be done monthly in the beginning, especially for the sales force as they are the company’s face for the customers. For the sales staff, performance will not only be judged by the sales made in a department but also the ability of the salesperson to maintain favorable customer relationships. Any gap between threshold performance and current performance of personnel will be filled by training sessions which will be an on-going

Shakespere Enlgish Lit Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 6000 words

Shakespere Enlgish Lit - Essay Example The Winter’s Tale is defined as comedy, but the first three acts of the play are created through psychological drama, thus creating a problem with reconciling the play to the comedy genre. Much like Romeo and Juliet, which starts out with classic tells of the comedy, but ends like a tragedy, The Winter’s Tale is the reverse, seeming much like a drama or tragedy, but resolving with classic comedy aspects. Bloom and Gleed (2010) call the play a tragicomedy, thus the play is defined by both of these aspects of theater (p. ix). There are a great variety of familiar themes within The Winter’s Tale. Gender identity, mistaken identity, and the patriarchal society lend to the dramatic aspects of the first three acts, the final two acts resolved through twists upon those themes. The play is based upon the novel Pandesto, which is sometimes referred to as Dorastus and Fawnia written by Robert Greene. The earliest edition of the play exists from 1588, with fourteen editions between that time and the general time in which the play was written. Hudson, in his commentary from 1880 suggests that the writer was rather wordy and filled his worked with an overabundance of Greek standards in his writing. He says that â€Å"For it seems as if he could not write at all without overloading his pages with classical allusion, nor hit upon any thought so trite and commonplace, but that he must run it through a series of aphoristic sentences twisted out of Roman or Greek lore† (p. 132). Beginning in January 2009, actors from the UK and from the USA combined talents under the direction of Sam Mendes in order to create productions of The Winter’s Tale and The Cherry Orchard. This transatlantic project is intended to last for three years and stars Simon Russell Beale, Sinead Cusack, and Rebecca Hall from the UK, with Richard Easton, Josh Hamilton, and Ethan Hawke from the USA (BAM 2009).

Art History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Art History - Essay Example It considered this unbalanced or asymmetrical aspect is a style effect, and called it as â€Å"contraste†. Another subtle similarity could be their love of exaggeration and decoration. Mannerism was inclined to portray anything, especially human form, in an exaggeratedly than realistically; they used artificial colors and unrealistic proportions. In most cased, the figures were exaggerated, placed in unimaginable poses. It was â€Å"unsettling and strange†. Rococo loved decoration, though it did not focus on human forms. For example, Rococo paintings had an element of â€Å"naughtiness or impurity in the behavior of their subjects†, which can be associated with unrealistic nature of the objects of Mannerism. The first difference between Mannerism and Rococo is that Mannerism is not â€Å"natural, graceful† like the high Renaissance art; it uses â€Å"clashing colors, disquieting figures with abnormally elongated limbs, (often torturous-looking) emotion and bizarre themes†, however, Rococo uses â€Å"undulating lines and S-curves prominent in Rococo are the basis for grace and beauty in art or nature; (â€Å"Rococo†, 2009; â€Å"Art History: Mannerism: (1520 - 1600)†, 2009). So Rococo is more akin to Renaissance in portraying the gracefulness in nature than Mannerism. Yet another difference is that Mannerism â€Å"combines Classicism, Christianity and mythology†, but Rococo’s use of curved lines was â€Å"unlike the straight line or the circle in Classicism† (â€Å"Rococo†, 2009; â€Å"Art History: Mannerism: (1520 - 1600)†, 2009). Mannerism was often considered â€Å"technically masterful† whereas the critics of Rococo had pointed out its frivolous nature due to its focus on decorative arts and interior design and the importance it gave to the style component, despite its taste for the complex and intricate forms of Baroque art. Rococo had light hearted themes depicted in a fashionable

Nutritional Study Worksheet Essay Example for Free

Nutritional Study Worksheet Essay Select one of the following topics to research: Coffee or caffeine Eggs Low-fat diets Low-carb diets Other nutrition topic approved by your instructor Research your topic using 2 nutrition articles that discuss your topic, but provide opposing viewpoints. Use the Internet, the University Library, or the search links provided in the Week 2 Electronic Reserve Readings to locate the articles. Write 50- to 200-word responses to each of the following questions based your findings. Use your own words and provide examples to support your answers. 1. What topic did you choose? Discuss the position of each of the two articles you selected. I choose eggs for this assignment. Each artlice talks about different nutritional value of eggs. For example one article focuses on how eggs can affect a persons hunger and in return help them maintain a healthy calorie count which can help them to maintain a healthier weight. The second article focused on how eggs are with cholesterol. 2. What health claims are stated in the articles, such as drinking coffee every day will lower one’s risk for cancer? The first article I read talked about eggs helping you control a hunger. They  claimed that eggs are healthier alternative to control your hunger. They did a study on a group od obese indiviuals who ate eggs with toast and low car jelly, and the second group ate a bagel with cream cheese and nonfat yogurt. Study showed that the group eating eggs was statisfied longer, which in return had them eating less. The second article I read talked about how eggs don’t affect your cholesterol. They had two diferent groups of healthy adults. The first group ate eggs for breakfast and the second group ate oatmeal. The study showed that eggs didn’t affect there cholestreal, it didn’t rise or lower it. 3. Do any of the articles claims seem too good to be true? Does it seem that the authors are seeking personal gain in any way? Explain your answers. I don’t think the articles seem to good to be true, they compared to different groups to one another to see if there hypothesis was either supported or not. They didn’t seem one sided, or trying to get personal gain from the statemetns. They were done by different schools, they were tring to better understand eggs, and the health of individuals. 4. What are the respective sources of these articles (testimonials, peer-reviewed study)? Both my articles were study completed by different schools such as Yale, and Saint Louis University. I would trust these sources the articles where put togethere by Science Letter Editors, â€Å"NewsRX†. So they were studies completed by different Universitys, which is how we obtain a great deal on other medical information. 5. Is the information presented in each article new or has it been studied extensively over time, achieving the same results? Both articles did there study over time. The first study about eggs affecting your hunger, they randomly separated the obese indiviuals in the study into two different groups had them eat the different breakfast meals prepared for the study. The study for the eggs affecting cholesterol as well was done  over time, they separated the healthy adults into two groups. They did mention in the article though that they did see the indivuals eating oatmeal had lower cholesterol. 6. Now that you have gone through the details of each article, do you have any reservations about the information in either one? If so, explain why. Has the process of analyzing the two articles changed your opinion on the topic? Explain your answer. I never thought much about eggs filling you more then other foods. I do eat eggs for breakfast I just don’t eat too much because I tend to get tired of them quickly. However I have heard things about how they affect your cholesterol, since I am young I am not concerned about my cholesterol levels. However now reading an article about a study that has been conducted I am informed so I can compare the knowledge I gained from it to other articles I may read in the future. Diet nutrition; egg nutrition center-cofunded study indicates eggs for breakfast aid weight control. (2006). Science Letter, , 510. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/209128523?accountid=458 Diet nutrition; study suggests that eggs may not contribute to heart disease in healthy adults. (2005). Science Letter, , 559. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/209238077?accountid=458

Political Cartoon Assignment Essay Example for Free

Political Cartoon Assignment Essay The political cartoon that I chose mainly aims towards people who are concerned about the environment and people who are against The American Clean Energy and Security Act. An every day citizen may not get the entire meaning of the cartoon if they do not know the motive behind it or do not follow politics and environmental news. The cartoon is political because it clearly states two things that weigh heavily on the minds of the public right now: tax and the environment. While this doesn’t typically necessarily mean that a cartoon would be political, the word â€Å"bill† on the page in the man’s hand points in the direction of political. The cartoon effectively shows two sides of the issue: one where the public is being told that the bill would cause a tax increase that the American consumers would ultimately have to deal with and another side where the environmentally-conscious person is saying that it’s just a scare tactic and that it would cause more good than harm for the country. At first glance, the cartoon was humorous, but the more I looked at it and began to understand what it was talking about, my thoughts began to change. Although it’s still funny, the cartoon carries a deeper meaning than just entertainment. The main thing that I felt was slight irritation that people could think that there are only two ways of looking at the issue and that people could be so concerned about taxes that they don’t even think about the environment that we’re living in. Although what is being shown is comical, the emotions behind what the artist is trying to show the viewer is not. Even if he shows that there are two sides of the issue, he still wants you to realize that economists are using the current state of the economy to play on your emotions and try to convince you that you’re ultimately hurting yourself by supporting the bill. Whether or not the artist was successful in the attempt to persuade the viewer into a way of thinking is up to the interpretation of each individual person. For me, it was successful. I was able to see the two different sides of the issue and while I understand both, I was able to draw my own conclusion and say that there needs to be some sort of middle ground. In part, the artist wants you to see how you’re being manipulated by the economists and the people that are against the bill to believe that the bill will have more of an impact on your bank account in terms of more taxes rather than having a good impact on the environment. Although I’ve always known that there are people who are against the bill, before seeing it in cartoon form, I never really realized that they really might be just a way of making people choose one or the other; the environment or your money. In terms of opening my eyes, the artist was successful.

Marketing Plan for an Updated Product

Marketing Plan for an Updated Product A marketing plan is typically designed to establish a framework for management to use as they pursue the marketing and sales objectives. It should be built on the results of the market research and the specific value proposition of a product or service. In general, a marketing plan is a shorter form of a business plan that has a limited scope and marketing emphasis. I have chosen UK chocolate confectionary market to present a market plan for an updated product. Market Overview: Chocolate sales in Europe have been growing steadily. The UK confectionery market achieved year-on-year growth for the last five to six years to reach a value of  £4.53bn i.e. the sales have increased by 13%. The overall European chocolate sales increased by 15% and the United Kingdom itself accounts for nearly 30% of European chocolate consumption. Product Overview: So far the need for innovation and the product development techniques has been explained. On the basis of these discussions I would like to use the opportunity to develop a new product in the confectionary market. Taking the existing products of Cadbury such as Cadbury Picnic, Cadbury Crunchie and Boost chocolate bars as well as Cadbury Crà ¨me Eggs, I have thought of updating Cadbury chocolate bars by producing a new chocolate bar and the Crà ¨me Eggs by producing another egg shaped product. The analysis of innovation need suggests that launch of new product can help Cadbury to attract more customers and thus increase market share in a highly competitive market of chocolate confectionary. Assuming the results obtained from the techniques for new product development and analyzing the market overview, I would say that a new product can be launched in the market and thats why I have thought of updating Cadburys existing products into other new products. This Cadburys new chocolate bar will be known as CADBURY LEMON BAR and the new egg shaped product will be known as CADBURY CHOCOLATE LEMONS. The bar name has been selected because this chocolate bar will be having an internal layer of sweet lemon tart and externally it will be covered with a mix of chocolate and fine grains of peanuts. N.B: (In the report the word Cadbury Lemon means both the updated products i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons). Market Segmentation: Understanding the needs and desires of consumers creates the opportunity for new products to be developed and brought to the market, meeting these needs and generating incremental sales. Chocolate confectionary is a mass market attracting customers and consumers of almost every age group and gender, but those who like eating chocolate. The target market for both the Cadbury Lemon products can include children of age 5 to 13 years in terms of consumers and the parents to pay for the product in terms of customers. Further more it can be expanded from children of age 14 to young people and then onwards to aged people (65+) as long as they keep their interest in their chocolate eating habit. The product would also be suitable for vegetarians and further more it would be excluded of any religious issues such as alcohol free etc. In terms of income and price of the product there isnt any need to be selective to choose a particular group of audience as everybody can easily afford to buy a b ar of chocolate or a pack of chocolate sweets i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons. Snacking Today: Snacking today is the second largest segment in the UK confectionary market with a share of over 28%. Cadbury Lemon chocolate bar is such a product which is mainly bought for immediate personal consumption. The target market of this product would be people who will buy a chocolate bar and eat it. It does not identify any particular segment but includes everybody having an access to the stores and retail shops where they will find the product, buy it and consume it. For Home: The products in this category are those which are bought for consumption sometime later. Thus in this category both the products i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons will fit properly in this category of products. These two products would target people who like filling their cupboards with chocolate to consume them for different purposes e.g. filling lunch boxes or as a treat after evening meals. For home is a category which is more about the products to be eaten by the customers i.e. both male and female partners, their children and parents and as well as by other consumers such as visitors or guests visiting at different times e.g. evening tea time and so on. Sharing Occasions: This segment represents an emerging trend towards the sharing of confectionary at formal occasions. This is an emerging segment for products which are traditionally packed in larger pack formats such as tins, large boxes and cartons. They are purchased not as gifts but also for informal sharing on specific occasions e.g. the Cadbury Chocolate Lemons can be purchased as a gift for someones birthday and Cadbury Lemon Bar can act as a sharing product at a party or just at small gathering of friends. This is how another segment of the market can be differentiated. Seasonal Giving: Seasonal giving is the third largest segment of the overall confectionary market. The rate of growth of this segment has led to an increase of 3.8% in sales and an increased share of the overall confectionary market as 17.6%.This segment includes products bought to give to someone else as well as a larger number of seasonal lines and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons in different packs would best fit in this category. Seasonal confectionary is mainly sold during the run up to Christmas and Easter and is a traditional gift at these times of the year. Along with this other seasonal occasions can include Halloween, Mothers Day and Valentines Day. Competition Overview: The UK confectionary market is facing a very strong competition among the companies in this market. Thus Cadbury Lemon will also have to tackle such circumstances of competition from different major competitors including Nestle, Kit Kat, Mars, Maltesers and others. Moreover, rapid product growth at the mass end and the premium end of the European chocolate market is adding competitive pressures. Smaller companies are making chocolate products for niche markets, such as chocolates for people who want to avoid dairy products, chocolates for people who are diabetic and chocolates for people who prefer natural or organic flavourings and ingredients. Further, established companies are constantly introducing variations and other favourites to satisfy customers variety-seeking behaviour and encourage loyalty. Although Cadbury owns a good market share but still there is a need to be aware of the competitors and the situations which may cause hindrances for the new product. SWOT Analysis: Cadbury has been in the confectionary business for a long time and holds a strong market share. Thus the company has been using its strengths to always go for producing new products as well as updating the existing ones. National advertising and sales promotion support sales of Cadbury and for instance, Cadbury has been spending heavily to launch new chocolate products or building sales during Easter or other holiday periods. There might also be some weaknesses that could be associated with it. Most of the people see chocolates as an affordable luxury and therefore buy such products for themselves and also for gifts. People are adopting the habits of giving chocolate as gifts on different occasions like Christmas, Valentines Day and Birthdays etc which has increased the opportunities in terms of increase in demand for the product. However the threats are always there when a company launches a new product. In addition to the major luxury chocolate makers with established brands, natio nal advertising campaigns and sizable market share, many smaller and local chocolate makers are attracting loyal customers. But on the whole, so far, the UK confectionary market for Cadbury seems to be having the opportunities to grow and increase the market share. Goals and Objectives: For this marketing plan I would say that the goals and objectives are simply the facts describing where the company i.e. Cadbury wants to be. The goals and objectives can be divided into two parts. Sales Goals: For many organizations the ultimate goal of the marketing plan is the effect it will have on the bottom line. Sales goals would be in terms of the sales figures estimated to be achieved. Until 2005, Cadbury has been earning great sums of profits and the further need is to increase the profits or maintain the profitability of the company up to a level at least meeting the required levels. Marketing and other Objectives: The marketing objectives for Cadbury Lemon should address each group in the target market in terms of meeting customer satisfaction and their interests in buying the product. The market objectives for Cadbury Lemon should fulfill the same elements as set for other brands. It includes continuing high Corporate and Social Responsibility standards through actions and brands, delivering superior shareowner performance, ensuring the capabilities are best in the market, focusing on creating a cohesive and talented workforce through encouraging inclusiveness and increasing the diversity of our people. Hence the product would only be said to be successful if these goals and objectives would be clearly identified and followed properly. Pricing Strategies for Cadbury Lemon: Pricing in general meanings means how much to charge for a product or service? Pricing is one of the four Ps of the marketing mix. The other three aspects are Product Management, Place (distribution) and Promotion. Penetration Pricing: Penetration pricing is the pricing technique of setting a relatively low initial entry price, a price that is often lower than the eventual market price. The expectation is that the initial low price will secure market acceptance by breaking down existing brand loyalties. Penetration pricing is most commonly associated with a marketing objective of increasing market share or sales volume, rather than short term profit maximisation. Competitive Pricing: The competitive pricing strategy is used by around a quarter (27%) of organisations. It is the most usual form of pricing which is based on evidence from the market where product prices are determined by reference to the prices of competitive products. A sound appreciation of competitive actions, especially prices, is necessary for the most effective strategies to be formulated. The most effective marketing manager will, however, try to develop an understanding of the various competitive positions based on an appreciation of the customer needs. Distribution: Like Pricing, distribution is another important part of marketing mix which needs businesses to carry out detailed analyses in order to distribute their products/services easily and efficiently to their customers. A distribution business is the middleman between the manufacturer and customer.. As far as distribution of confectionary products is concerned, the best and appropriate options would be the following. (Method 1) (Method 2) Producer Producers Retailers Whole Sellers Customers Retailers Customers Communication: For Cadburys updated products i.e. Cadbury Lemon Bar and Cadbury Chocolate Lemons I would like to recommend following communication techniques for the product promotion. TV Advertising: Importantly I would like to recommend using TV as the most appropriate tool of communication. Cadbury has already been sponsoring Coronation Street for a long time. So when people will be watching the programme then in every break the advert will be presented and people will see how the new product has been developed. This technique will pass the message to the right target market and thus will create awareness among public. Bill Boards: Bill boards are though to be another important tool of sending the message across the target market and overall to every one. Bill boards will be displayed at certain points which will clearly explain what the product looks like and how has it been developed. People while traveling will get attracted towards the product being displayed on bill boards and thus will get the message. Hence hopefully this technique is thought to be equally appropriate to create awareness among public and then leading them to further stages of decision making and purchase of product. Transport: Compared to bill boards, transport will be taken as a source of moving message across people. Thus this is another technique which holds an equal importance as TV advertising and bill boards. Transport including buses, trams, trains and to some extent taxis are thought to be quite suitable for making people aware of the product. The product will be displayed with its features and it differences from other products on the above mentioned transports. People when traveling on these transports or following them, will get attracted towards the printed message. So this is how it will help Cadbury to increase their profits when the sales will go up. Sales Promotions: One of the below the line techniques that I think would help to increase sales is sales promotion. It can be done in a way that Cadbury can encourage customers to buy Cadbury Lemon by offering the products at trial prices or another way could be that first few millions of products would be given free without any charges. Similarly when the products would be sold through a third party e.g. retailers then it can also be looked t providing point of sale material, or special promotions aimed at encourage the distributors to sell or stock more products, so that it can help to increase the amount people will use our product. Monitoring and Reviewing Marketing Performance: The organisations who manage to be both efficient in their operations and effective that they deliver what their customers want, they enjoy the benefits of their business in real sense. On the other hand those who are neither efficient nor effective lose their market share and at last come out of the business. Financial Measures: Profit: Most of traditional financial measures concentrate on profit and it goes without saying that profit is essential to the long-term survival of any business no matter what size or shape. The performance of Cadbury Lemon could easily be judged by analysing the difference in the profits of the company. If the companys profits have gone up then it can be assumed that the product has been successful in the market and that it has helped to meet the companys objectives in terms of achieving the target profit. Meeting the financial targets is very important for every business. Companies invest a lot of money in carrying out Research and Development to make their products effective and efficient in the market. So a successful launch of Cadbury Lemon and the analysis of profit would clearly help Cadbury to make decisions about whether the product should be kept in market and let it become a cash cow or pull it out before it becomes dog. Return on Sales: Another area that gives good and bad signals to the businesses about their performance is sales. Return on sales can tell how well a product or service is performing in the market. This is how Cadbury Lemons sales will help to see what the demand for the product is. This can be analysed, whether the consumers have liked the idea of developed product and are doing repeat purchases or the product have failed to satisfy customers needs. Thus higher the sale levels will be greater would be the customers satisfaction, which will result an increase in Cadburys market share. Now lets have a look how non-financial measures can take part in reviewing Cadbury Lemons performance. Barriers to Marketing Planning: In order to overcome any problem the first and important requirement is appropriate monitoring of the problem and see how easily and effectively can a business overcome a barrier. As long as the proper control measures are installed there will be no more problems that can interfere. Taking a look on previously described external barriers; organisations are needed to take complete analyses of the factors that could influence their strategic implementation process. The political as well as legal factors especially Government policies related to taxation, employment, health and safety and other issues can be influential for the organisations. So for organisations, it is necessary to keep in mind the Governments rules and regulations in order to take step in any part of business strategy. Accordingly it would be important for managers to detect changes early so as to respond effectively. Similarly an early forecast of economic factors is also important so that recommendations related to future can be made. Technological barriers to some extent could be considered as slow acting barriers because technology does not change everyday. However for Research and Development purposes technology plays a vital role in giving the information to businesses that, then, is to be used for developments processes. The internal marketing, being an integral part of successful strategic implementation, involves all the processes necessary to carry the message of the strategic plan inside to the various audiences that compromise the organisation. The internal marketing is equally important as that of external marketing and thus it needs to be analysed fully in order to eliminate errors. Like external marketing, internal marketing also requires a good and appropriate understanding of the needs and motivations of the target audiences to be successful. The organisations should be designed in such a way that the communication between top and the bottom layers is quick and detailed. Keeping everyone informed about any changes going on within an organisation can help to take ideas and views from internal bodies which could then further be utilised in the process of final decision making. In order to analyse that how well a marketer is performing, the information can be obtained with the help of a marketing feedback. Although the information and feedback on a plans progress is can never be 100% accurate but it does act to both reduce the uncertainty in planning and improves the quality of action. Conclusion: Hence in this report the need for innovation for organisations has been explained. Product development techniques have been discussed in detail with reference to the confectionary market. A marketing plan has been presented which is covering all the aspects related to market review, competition, pricing, distribution and communication. The measures to review performance have also been talked about. And finally the barriers and the suggestions to overcome these barriers have also been explained in detail.

APPLICATIONS OF SILICON :: essays research papers

Applications of Silicon Silicon is one of man’s most useful elements. In the form of sand and clay it is used to make concrete and brick; it is a useful refractory material for high-temperature work, and in the form of silicates it is used in making enamels, pottery, etc. Silica, as sand, is a principal ingredient of glass, one of the most inexpensive of materials with excellent mechanical, optical, thermal and electrical properties. Hyperpure silicon can be doped with boron, gallium, phosphorus, or arsenic to produce silicon for use in transistors, solar cells, rectifiers, and other solid-state devices, which are used extensively in the electronics and space-age industries. Though silicon was originally discovered in 1810 and thought to be a compound silicon was discovered as an element in 1823 by Jons Berzelius. In 1824 Berzelius prepared amorphous silicon by the same general method and purified the product by removing the fluosilicates by repeated washings. Deville in 1854 first prepared crystalline silicon, the second allotropic form of the element. Davy in1800 thought silica to be a compound and not an element; later in 1811, Gay Lussac and Thenard probably prepared impure amorphous silicon by heating potassium with silicon tetrafluoride. Silicon is a metalloid at room temperature with an atomic number of 14, 14 electrons, 14 neutrons, and an average atomic mass of 28.0855. In its pure form,silicon melts at 2,570 degrees, and boils at 4,271 degrees Fahrenheit. This element belongs to the metalloid family, the 14th family on the periodic table of elements. This element is a solid metalloid at room temperature and turns to liquid at 2,570 degrees. Silicon is prepared as a brown amorphous powder or as gray-black crystals. Crystalline silicon has a metallic luster and grayish color. It is hard, non-magnetic, and most acids do not effect it, but it does dissolve in hydrofluoric acid, forming the gas, silicon tetrafluoride, SiF 4. At ordinary temperatures silicon is impervious to air, but at high temperatures it reacts with oxygen, forming a layer of silica that does not react further. At high temperatures it also reacts with nitrogen and chlorine to form silicon nitride and silicon chloride, respectively. Elemental silicon transmits more than 95% of all wavelengths of infrared, from 1.3 to 6.y micro-m. Silicon is present in the soil and makes up about 25.7% of the earth’s crust. Silicon also promotes firmness and strength in human tissues. It is part of the arteries, tendons, skin, connective tissue, and eyes.

jesus :: essays research papers

(BEGINNINGS) DISCUSSION QUESTIONS AND ACTIVITIES 1.) Why is the study of the Old Testament basic to understanding the New Testament? a) The Old Testament is basic to understanding the New because the Old Testament shows what most people have gone threw before they had Christ in their life. Also a lot of the New Testament refers you back to the Old Testament to get a better understanding on how to follow threw with the New. 2.) What was the crucial issue in Adam and Eve’s relationship with God? a) The doubt in the mind of Adam and Eve lead to disobedience which was the crucial issue in their relationship with God. 3.) How was God’s mercy manifested in the account of the fall? a) God gave a promise of a way out of judgment before the effects of the judgment even occurred. 4.) What were the moral causes of the Flood? a) People used God’s given talents to promote themselves in positions to gain power which led to evil and violence. 5.) What was the sign of significance of the covenant with Noah? a) A rainbow was the sign of the covenant with Noah, promising that God would never destroy the earth by flood again. 6.) What motivated the people to build the Tower of Babel? a) The people were proud of what they had accomplished on their present land, so they didn’t want to obey God’s command to spread abroad the earth. The disobedience of the people motivated them to build the Tower of Babel. 7.) Trace the steps of disobedience in the story of the Fall of the human race. Compare and contrast this with human behavior today. a) The first step was the coming of the â€Å"tempter† which people live with every day, the temptation to disobey God and do as they please. The second step was the changing of God’s specific instructions and consequences which led to the follow threw of disobeying God. I see so many times these days’ people try to take the word of God (The Bible) and twist it and make there own beliefs and adjustments to it to make it fit them instead of making themselves fit the word of God. 8.) Write a paragraph to explain the emphasis the New Testament puts upon the following events: Creation (John 1:1, 2; Acts 14:15; Heb. 1:10; 11:3; Rev. 4:11; 10:6) People created in the image of God (1 Cor. 11:7; Col.

Negotiations and Decision-making Essay -- Negotiating

A multitude of data can be found online when searching for material on decision-making. Likewise, the same can be stated regarding the search for information pertaining to negotiations and decision-making. For example, a Google search of the key words â€Å"negotiations/decision-making† garnered over ten million results! Reviewing a tenth of that information would take a great deal of time and energy, so this paper will narrow the scope and focus on four negotiation/decision-making types: zero-sum game, win-win, satisficing solutions and fixed pie. In addition, a brief discussion on how each of the types has been applied will ensue. Prior to this class I had never heard of the zero-sum negotiation type. When researching the ideology, I came across a website created by Robert Korn (Korn, 2010) called Truth Pizza, and I found his take on the subject quite interesting. He explained the zero-sum games negotiations type as one party pursuing an action that satisfies their needs while a comparable party equally misses an opportunity. Korn offered several examples to explain the method in a way that was easy to understand and relatable. To convey a couple of scenarios Korn disclosed, he wrote about the zero-sum game as it relates to insurance companies. Each month people pay premiums to provide protection from what may come. People buy flood insurance to protect from rising water, auto insurance to protect from accidents and theft, life insurance to pay out in an untimely demise, and so forth. Society-at-large pays monthly, semi-annual or annual premiums in hopes that they will never need the services they are paying for. â€Å"For the most part, the money we get back from insurance is considerably less than what we pay in† (Korn, 20... ... negotiation feeling as though their issues were addressed and important to the compromise. This fosters better relations and improved camaraderie for those involved. Works Cited Business Dictionary. (2010). Satisficing. Retrieved November 15, 2010, from Business Dictionary: http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/satisficing.html Korn, R. (2010, April 25). Zero-sum Games. Retrieved November 15, 2010, from TruthPizza.org: http://www.truthpizza.org/logic/zerosum.htm Menard, R. (2009, November 17). What Does Win-Win Negotiation Mean? Retrieved November 15, 2010, from Ezine Articles: http://ezinearticles.com/?What-Does-Win-Win- Negotiation-Mean?&id=3281520 Spangler, B. (2003, October). Positive-Sum, Zero-Sum, and Negative-Sum Situations. Retrieved November 17, 2010, from Beyond Intractability: http://www.beyondintractability.org/essay/sum/

Colgate-Palmolive Company

Marketing Strategy 1. Problem and Issue Statement 1. 1. Increased competition from rivals and private labels MKW 3440 Colgate-Palmolive company, simply known as, Colgate, is one of the world's largest consumer products companies by market share, with commercial presence in more than five continents (Euromonitor International, 2011). In the past decade, particularly in the personal care and home care segments, Colgate has faced vigorous competition across the globe (Euromonitor International, 2011).Rivals include, large multinational corporations, local corporations as well as private label brands or store brands, of large retailers such as, WalMart, Target, and other supermarket chains (Euromonitor International, 2011). Although, Colgate's exposure to private labels is limited, the company’s primary objective remains to increase its organic growth through penetrating emerging markets (Euromonitor International, 2011).In order for the company to accomplish this goal, it is advi sed that Colgate watches out, for the private label trend (Euromonitor International, 2011). According to Euromonitor International (2011), private label brands from large retailers are now considered to be highly sophisticated and an attractive alternative to customers, particularly in emerging markets, as these products often sell at lower price points and the retailers have the point of sale data on consumer behaviour, and are therefore in a better position to understand the consumer’s behaviour.This trend, may become problematic for Colgate in the near future, as private label brands are expected to increase and be high on retailers agendas, directly affecting the company in several aspects of business, including, the pricing of its products, promotional activities, new product introductions, profitability and market share (Euromonitor International, 2011). he growing competitiveness of some local players in China and fiercer competition in overall oral care, personal car e and home care segments led to a significant decline in Colgate’s market share (Euromonitor International, 2005). For Colgate to remain competitive, it is important that it strengthens its brands, invest in ground-breaking innovative product launches, as well as defend its trademark, patents, and trade dress rights, against legal challenges that may be brought by competitors (Euromonitor International, 2011). 1. . Not capitalising in China like the market leaders in the industry Although, Colgate-Palmolive operates a diversified business operation and its largest revenuegenerating regions in the world are in the emerging economies, however, the company is less dominant in China with regard to their personal care and oral care segments (Euromonitor International, 2011). Compared to other emerging markets such as Brazil, Russia, and India, China presents a strong growth opportunity for Colgate-Palmolive, as consumers increasingly perceiveColgate-Palmolive Company 1 Marketing S trategy MKW 3440 oral care and personal care in terms of achieving greater attractiveness, over hygienic, deodorising and antiperspirant functions (Euromonitor International, 2011). This is problematic for Colgate as its campaign for oral care has always been positioned as health products (Euromonitor International, 2005). As a result, In 2011, Procter & Gamble ranked number one in oral care, with a 21% value share (Euromonitor International, 2011).Oral care in China, is predicted to continue its growth pace over the forecast period and it is therefore important for Colgate to amend their current positioning strategy to accompany the product’s cosmetic appeal (Euromonitor International, 2005). In addition, Colgate should conduct greater segmentation of the market, where products will be aimed at agespecific groups as well as products designed specifically for men or women, or even lifestyles habits such as smokers or coffee drinkers as this will increase the market reach, pro fitability and the market share of the company (Euromonitor International, 2012). . Evaluation of Alternatives Given the competition and growth prospects in emerging markets, Colgate should aim to gain market share through novel technology and the creation of innovative product launches, that offer added-value to the consumer (Euromonitor International, 2011). Recently, companies have been increasing the number of â€Å"green† innovative product launches as well as products based on highpowered functionality and cost-saving measures, as they help minimise environmental impact while helping consumers save money through energy conservation (Euromonitor International, 2011).Through innovations such as these, Colgate can avoid loosing market share and revenue to local and multinational corporations. On the other hand, to stop consumers from moving to cheaper brands i. e. : keep private label brands at bay, Colgate should resort to pricing adjustments and cost management to ease p ressure on margins as well as establish emotional bonds with its consumers through advertising messages centred on the concepts of luxury, at-home pampering, naturalness and sustainability (Euromonitor International, 2011).This process, mainly involves reducing working capital and lowering selling or general and administrative costs, through lay-offs (Euromonitor International, 2011). So far, Colgate has focused on streamlining its product portfolio – e. g. in Europe, it reduced the number of household cleaners from 84 products in 2008 to 22 in 2010 (Euromonitor International, 2011).Another initiative Colgate took, is to purchase Sanex, a personal care business from Unilever and sold its laundry detergent brands in Colombia, as an attempt to address the strong competition from its rivals in the industry with regards to deodorants, bath and shower soaps that account for the largest portions of its competitors profits (Euromonitor International, 2011). Colgate-Palmolive Company 2 Marketing Strategy MKW 3440 On the other hand, to capitalise on the Chinese market, the company needs to trengthen its competitive position and adapt products that will more closely meet the local consumer preferences (Euromonitor International, 2011). The local player Shuke is expected to see strong growth over the forecast period thanks to venture capital investment and its new spokesman David Beckham. For example: by incorporating whitening functionality in all its oral care product formulas, this could help the company, defend its share against dominant local players such as Yunnan Baiyao (Euromonitor International, 2011).Products aimed at age-specific groups as well as products designed specifically for men or women, or even lifestyles habits such as smokers or coffee drinkers, are certain to be developed in the future (Euromonitor International, 2011). 3. Internal Review 3. 1. Existing strategic gaps A strategy gap analysis is a forecasting tool used by marketing managers, to determine the shortcomings of an organisation by identifying the steps necessary for an organisation to take when trying to move from its actual performance to a desired future-state (De Choi, Herder, Koesling, Lo, Olmedilla, Papapetorou, & Siberski, 2005).This difference is known as a gap (De Choi et al. , 2005). The gap can be divided into four categories: the product line gap, the distribution gap, the usage gap and the competitive gap (De Choi et al. , 2005). Currently, Colgate-Palmolive has a distribution gap with regard to the Chinese market. A distribution gap, is all about increasing exposure to current distribution channel members (Klopper, 2012). Another strategic gap Colgate could optimize on, is its usage gap.A usage gap, refers to the gap between the total market potential and the existing usage by all consumers in the market (Klopper, 2012). The competitive gap, on the other hand, refers to anything about a product, service, technology, capability or position that p uts a company at a significant disadvantage versus one or more competitors (Klopper, 2012). In the case of Colgate, this company has a competition gap as its current positioning strategy in the Chinese market is working against them. Colgate-Palmolive Company 3 Marketing Strategy MKW 3440 3. 1. 1.Strategies to close gaps Strategy to close distribution gap: Localization of consumer products has been a fast-emerging trend in several consumer products markets including personal care (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011). Colgate-Palmolive Co. , can bridge this distribution gap in China by increasing exposure to current distribution channel members and establish new distribution channels (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011). Specific to the oral care industry, manufacturers are targeting consumers with local flavors and ingredients that suit their preferences and long-standing culture in various countries (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011).For instance, Colgate-Palmolive offers a unique formula tion of its Colgate Herbal toothpaste for the Indian market (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011). Since there is an increasing interest in China with whitening products including oral care, Colgate may use this information One of the breakthrough innovations featuring local ingredients is Colgate Plax Fresh Tea mouthwash for the Chinese market, which helped drive the company’s share of mouthwash market in China to a record high level during the year (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011).Currently, there is an increasing rate of (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011). Strategy to close usage gap: By extending the usability of its products and targeting specific offerings as market extensions, Colgate would be able to increase its market share and profitability (Klopper, 2012). Thus addressing it usage gap. through the use of either tactical approaches such as the marketing mix, Colgate can be able to promote new segments and users or encourage non-users to switch from substitute or compet itor’s products (Colgate-Palmolive Company, 2011).Strategy to close competitive gap: Through co-branding with local or domestic competitors such as Yunnan Baiyao, and manufacturing complementary products, Colgate may be able to minimize its competition and risk, as there will be greater consumer trust on the product, wide scope due to joined advertising, technological benefits, better product image by association with another renowned brand, greater access to new sources of finances and as a consequence this will ultimately lead to more sales income (Jooste, Berndt & Du Plessis, 2012; Klopper, 2012). Colgate-Palmolive Company Marketing Strategy 3. 2. Required capabilities and core competencies Table A: Discussion of required capabilities and core competencies Required capabilities and core competencies Discussion MKW 3440 Finance For Colgate-Palmolive to be able to implement the strategies that will ultimately bridge the gaps in the market, it needs to have finances. Likely f or Colgate, this is one of its core competency and capability, hence, the company has been able to spend a significant amount on its R&D activities in order to ensure consistent product innovation (DataMonitor, 2011).Through constant product innovation, Colgate will be enabled to invest in marketing, technology and its vast distribution network (DataMonitor, 2011). Human capital refers to the knowledge, skills and social and personality attributes, including creativity, embodied in the ability for an employee of Colgate-Palmolive Co. to provide the organisation with economic value which then translates into the marketplace (Woodhall, 2001).It is made obvious that human capital is a required distinctive competency of Colgate as product innovation is one of its driving forces and innovation is derived from the creativity of its employees (Market Line, 2012). For many companies in this industry, including Colgate-Palmolive Company, they strives to lower their input costs so that they c an have that competitive edge over rivals in the industry (DataMonitor, 2011). As all company’s in this industry use many of the same suppliers, it is difficult for companies to achieve low input costs in that area (DataMonitor, 2011).However, Colgate-Palmolive Company tries to lower input costs by being innovative with its product designs and the utilization of its assets, along with always looking for new suppliers that might not be as big, but offers a lower prices (DataMonitor, 2011). Human capital Lower input costs 4. Competitor Analysis 4. 1. 4. 1. 1. 4. 1. 2. 4. 1. 3. 4. 1. 4. 4. 2. Colgate-Palmolive Company 5 Marketing Strategy 4. 2. 1. 5. Segment Profiling 5. 1. 5. 1. 1. 5. 1. 2. 5. 1. 3 5. 2. 6. New STP strategies 7. Strategic Marketing Program 8. Financial Review 8. 1. 8. 2. Non-financial performance 8. 3.Marketing matrix of chosen strategy 9. Implementation Details & Long-term Strategic Plan MKW 3440 For successful implementation of the marketing strategy, there i s need for a strategic fit between a chosen strategy and the organisational resources (Klopper, 2012). Without the sufficient time, money, technology, management systems or skills in place, the marketing strategies are sure to fail (Klopper, 2012). Therefore a long-term strategic plan needs to be set, to ensure the origination's goals and objectives, tasks or activities and timeline are in alignment with the strategies used and resources needed (Klopper, 2012).Colgate-Palmolive Company 6 Marketing Strategy MKW 3440 Reference List DataMonitor. (2011, March 1). Personal Care Market Watch company spotlight: Colgate-Palmolive Company. Retrieved from http://www. portal. euromonitor. com. ezproxy. lib. monash. edu. au/Portal/ Handlers/accessPDF. ashx? c=93PDF=F-188296-20424193. pdf=2VfbY1Pd %2bDnEJbzYJ6Dz2CeaTTM%3d De Choi, L. J. , Herder, E. , Koesling, A. , Lo, C. , Olmedilla, D. , Papapetorou, O. , & Siberski, W. (2005). A Model For Competence Gap Analysis. Retrieved from http://lnx-hr l-075v. web. pwo. ou. l/ bitstream/1820/1119/1/model_for_competence_gap_analysis. pdf Euromonitor International. (2005, March 14). Teeth whitening blurs oral hygiene and beauty. Retrieved from http-//www. portal. euromonitor. com. ezproxy. lib. monash. edu. au/Portal/Handlers/ accessPDF. ashx? c=81PDF=F-33822-9535381. pdf=nd8RKGQXEue7mLs%2fivocj%2b %2bg%2bH0%3d Euromonitor International. (2011, April 26). Beauty and Personal Care State of the Industry 2011. Retrieved from http://www. portal. euromonitor. com. ezproxy. lib. monash. edu. au/Portal/Handlers/ accessPDF. ashx? =33PD=F-177502-19843633. pdf=NcEV34hQb92tYF8QgpvZIFU0Ens %3d Euromonitor International. (2011, July 1). Colgate-Palmolive CO in beauty and personal care world. Retrieved from http://www. portal. euromonitor. com. ezproxy. lib. monash. edu. au/Portal/ Handlers/accessPDF. ashx? c=93PDF=F-188296-20424193. pdf=2VfbY1Pd %2bDnEJbzYJ6Dz2CeaTTM%3d Euromonitor International. (2011, September 1). Colgate-Palmolive CO in home care world. Retrieved from http-//www. portal. euromonitor. com. ezproxy. lib. monash. edu. au/Portal/Handlers/ a c c e s s P D F. a s h x ? = 9 3 P D F & f = F – 1 8 8 2 9 6 – 2 0 4 2 4 1 9 3 . p d f & c o d e = 2 V f b Y 1 P d %2bDnEJbzYJ6Dz2CeaTTM%3d Colgate-Palmolive Company 7 Marketing Strategy MKW 3440 Euromonitor International. (2012, May 1). Deodorants in China. Retrieved from http-/ www. portal. euromonitor. com. ezproxy. lib. monash. edu. au/Portal/Handlers/accessPDF. ashx? c=06PDF=S-204891-21565106. pdf=pNYwWcs%2f9Zj4RkGJkmir5PGxc4g%3d Jooste, W. J. , Berndt, A. , & Du Plessis, J. P. (Ed. ). (2012). Applied Strategic Marketing. Cape Town, London: Sage. Klopper, H. B. (2012).Week 2: Internal Analysis [PowerPoint slides]. Retrieved from MKW 3440, Monash University Studies Online: https://my. monash. edu. au/muso/blackboard/login/ Market Line. (2012, June 7). Company Profile: Colgate-Palmolive Company. Retrieved from http:// www. datamonitor. com/store/Produ ct/colgate_palmolive_company? productid=8F29C49CAF39-411A-AF1B-930E67BFA795 Woodhall, M. (Ed. ). (2001). Human capital: educational aspects, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences. Colgate-Palmolive Company 8 Marketing Strategy Appendices Appendix A MKW 3440 Colgate-Palmolive Company 9

Production Strategy Essay

The total number of time spent for machining and welding during the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 (includes the machining and welding hours mentioned in Frame Unit, Press Station and Pec-dec Station) are eight (8) hours. The total number of hours spent for Painting and finishing in the entire process (includes the machining and welding hours mentioned in Frame Unit, Press Station, and Pec-dec Station) is five (5) hours. The total number of hours spent for Assembling, testing and packaging for the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 machine is two (2) hours. BodyPlus200 The total number of time spent on machining and welding in the entire process (includes the machining and welding hours mentioned in Frame Unit, Press Station, Pec-dec Station and Leg Press Station) during the manufacture of one BodyPlus200 machine is twelve (12) hours. The total number of hours spent for Painting and finishing in the entire process (includes the machining and welding hours mentioned in Frame Unit, Press Station, Pec-dec Station and Leg Press Station) is ten (10) hours. The total number of hours spent for Assembling, testing and packaging for the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 machine is two (2) hours. Calculations: The total number of working hours assigned for machining and welding processes is 600 hours. The total number of working hours assigned for painting and finishing processes is 440 hours. The total number of working hours assigned for Assembling, Testing and Packaging is 140 hours. To find out the total number of machines that can be made can be found out in the following math. As either of the machines (BodyPlus100 and BodyPlus200) requires two (2) hours of assembling, testing and packaging time. Total number of machines to be produced:    Now let the total number of BodyPlus100 machines manufactures be denoted by the variable ‘X’ and the total number of BodyPlus200 machines manufactured be denoted by the variable ‘Y’. Therefore, the total time required for Assembling, testing and Packaging is 2 hours. That implies,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   2X + 2Y =140 Then X+Y=70. There we get the total number of possible machines that can be made are seventy in number. As the recommended number of BodyPlus200 machines that have to be produced must be at least 25% of the total number of machines produced. Then ‘Y’ takes a value of 25% of the total number of possible machines i.e. seventy (70). Therefore, 17 fills in the best value of at least 25% of total number of machines produced when the count of total number of machines produced are sixty five (65). Taking the number of BodyPlus100 machines and BodyPlus200 machines manufactured to be 49 and 16 in numbers respectively. Then the calculation follows as: Time required for machining and welding: 1) BodyPlus100: In the Frame unit, it takes four (4) hours of machining and welding time. In the Press Station, it takes two (2) hours of machining and welding time. In the Pec-dec Station, it takes two (2) hours of machining and welding time. The total number of machining and welding time taken in the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 machine is eight (8) hours. Therefore, the total time taken for machining and welding processes during the manufacture of 49 BodyPlus100 is 49*8 = 392 hours. 2) BodyPlus200: In the Frame unit, it takes five (5) hours of machining and welding time. In the Press Station, it takes three (3) hours of machining and welding time. In the Pec-dec Station, it takes two (2) hours of machining and welding time. In the Leg Press Station, it takes two (2) hours of machining and welding time. The total number of machining and welding time taken in the manufacture of one BodyPlus200 machine is twelve (12) hours. Therefore, the total time taken for machining and welding processes during the manufacture of 17 BodyPlus200 is 17*12 = 204 hours. Therefore, the total number of hours spent for the entire manufacture processes is equal to 392 + 204 = 596 hours Hence, we lost 4 hours of unused machining and welding time.    Time required for Painting and finishing: 1) BodyPlus100: In the Frame unit, it takes two (2) hours of painting and finishing time. In the Press Station, it takes one (1) hours of painting and finishing time. In the Pec-dec Station, it takes two (2) hours of painting and finishing time. The total number of painting and finishing time taken in the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 machine is five (5) hours. Therefore, the total time taken for painting and finishing processes during the manufacture of 49 BodyPlus100 is 49*5 = 245 hours. 2) BodyPlus200: In the Frame unit, it takes four (4) hours of painting and finishing time. In the Press Station, it takes two (2) hours of painting and finishing time. In the Pec-dec Station, it takes two (2) hours of painting and finishing time. In the Leg Press Station, it takes two (2) hours of painting and finishing time. The total number of painting and finishing time taken in the manufacture of one BodyPlus200 machine is ten (10) hours. Therefore, the total time taken for machining and welding processes during the manufacture of 17 BodyPlus200 is 17*10 = 170 hours. Therefore, the total number of hours spent for the entire manufacture processes is equal to 245 + 170 = 415 hours. Where the total number hours assigned for painting and finishing is 450 hours. Hence, we lost 35 hours of unused painting and finishing time. Time required for Assembling, Testing and Packaging: 1) BodyPlus100: The manufacturing of one BodyPlus100 machine takes two (2) hours of assembling, testing and packaging time. Therefore, the total number of hours spent in assembling, testing and packaging during the manufacture of 49 machines is 49*2= 98hours. 1) BodyPlus200: The manufacturing of one BodyPlus200 machine takes two (2) hours of assembling, testing and packaging time. Therefore, the total number of hours spent in assembling, testing and packaging during the manufacture of 17 machines is 17*2= 34hours. In total, the total number of hours spent during the entire process is 98 + 34 = 132 hours. As the assigned number of assembling, testing and packaging time is 140 hours. So, eight (8) hours of the assembling, testing and packaging time is unused. Total Cost for producing the machines: 1) BodyPlus100: The BodyPlus100 machine consists of four (4) units. Frame unit: Where the raw material cost for each BodyPlus100 unit is $450 in this Frame Unit. Press Station: Here the raw material costs for each BodyPlus100 unit is $300 in this Press Station. Pec-dec Station: Here the raw material cost for each BodyPlus100 unit is $250 in this Pec-dec Station. Packaging: Here the estimated cost for each BodyPlus100 unit is $50 for packaging. 2) BodyPlus200: The BodyPlus200 machine consists of five (5) units. a) Frame unit: Where the raw material cost for each BodyPlus200 unit is $650 in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  this Frame Unit. b) Press Station: Here the raw material costs for each BodyPlus200 unit is $400 in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   this Press Station. c)   Pec-dec Station: Here the raw material cost for each BodyPlus200 unit is $250 in   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   this Pec-dec Station. Leg Press Station: Here the raw material cost for each BodyPlus100 unit is $200   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   in this Leg Press Station. Packaging: Here the estimated cost for each BodyPlus200 unit is $75 for   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   packaging. Labor Costs during the manufacture Process: Machining and welding: Given that the labor costs are $20 per hour for machining and welding time.    Now the total number of hours spent for machining and welding in manufacturing one BodyPlus100 and one BodyPlus200 are eight (8) and twelve (12) respectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, the labor costs for machining and welding estimated for manufacturing one BodyPlus100 to be 8*20 = $160.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And, the labor costs for machining and welding estimated for manufacturing one BodyPlus200 to be 12*20 = $240. Painting and finishing: Given that the labor costs are $15 per hour for painting and finishing time. Now the total number of hours spent for painting and finishing in manufacturing one BodyPlus100 and one BodyPlus200 are five (5) and ten (10) respectively.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, the labor costs for painting and finishing estimated for manufacturing one BodyPlus100 to be 5*15 = $75.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And, the labor costs for painting and finishing estimated for manufacturing one BodyPlus200 to be 10*15 = $150. Assembly, Testing and Packaging: Given that the labor costs are $12 per hour for assembly, testing, and packaging time. Now the total number of hours spent for assembling, testing and packaging in manufacturing one BodyPlus100 and one BodyPlus200 are two hours each.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Therefore, the labor costs for painting and finishing estimated for manufacturing one BodyPlus100 to be 2*12 = $24.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   And, the labor costs for painting and finishing estimated for manufacturing one BodyPlus200 to be 2*12 = $24. Hence the total labor costs in manufacturing 49 BodyPlus100 are 49*($160+$75+$24) = 49*($259)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = $12691   Also, the total labor costs in manufacturing 17 BodyPlus200   are 17*($240+$150+$24) =17*($419)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   = $7123 Gross expenditure in the production of one unit of:    BodyPlus100: The total cost made in the manufacture of one BodyPlus100 machine (includes raw costs and labor costs)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   $450+$110+$300+$55+$250+$70+$50+$24 = $1309. BodyPlus200: The total cost made in the manufacture of one BodyPlus200   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   machine (includes raw costs and labor costs)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   $650+$160+$400+$75+$250+$70+$200+$70+$75+$24 = $1974. Profit Calculations: The retail price of one BodyPlus100 machine is $2400. The retail price of one BodyPlus200 machine is $3500. An authorized dealer will purchase at only 70% of the suggested retail price. Hence, a sale of one BodyPlus100 will produce 70% of $2400 = $1680 And a sale of one BodyPlus200 will produce 70% of $3500 = $2450. Admittedly, the net profit that is made in the sale of one BodyPlus100 machine is ($1680 – $1309) = $371. Whereas the net profit that is made in the sale of one BodyPlus200 machine is ($2450 – $1974) = $476. Here the net profit made on manufacturing one BodyPlus200 machine ($476) is larger in number than the profit that is made on manufacturing one BodyPlus100 machine ($371). But if we calculate the net profit that is made per hour work will entirely change the opinion onto BodyPlus100 machine. As, we get a profit of $476 after working 24 hours in manufacturing BodyPlus200 machine. This means the net profit made per hour on manufacturing one BodyPlus200 is only   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   $476/24 = $19.83 Whereas, the net profit made on manufacturing one BodyPlus100 machine is $371 after working for 15 hours. Therefore, profit made per hour is   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   $371/15 = $24.73 Conclusion: So, referring to the above profit math increasing the production percent (i.e. >75%) in the total production will gradually increase the profits of the company. Solutions Plus      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Table2.1       No. of gallons required Freight Charges No of gallons supplied from Total charges for shipping       Cincinnati Oakland Cincinnati Oakland Cincinnati Oakland Santa Ana 22,418 —– 0.22 —– 22,418 —– 4,931.96 El Paso 6,800 0.84 0.74 —– 6,800 —– 5,032 Pendleton 80,290 0.83 0.49 30,290 50,000 25,140.7 24,500 Houston 100,477 0.45 —– 50,447 50,000 22,701.15 —– Kansas city 241,570 0.36 —– 191,570 50,000 68,965.2 —– Los Angeles 64,761 —— 0.22 14,761 50,000 —— 11,000 Glendale 33,689 —— 0.22 —— 33,689 —— 7,411.58 Jacksonville 68,486 0.34 —— 18,486 50,000 6,285.24 —— Little Rock 148,586 0.34 —— 98,586 50,000 33,519.24 —— Bridgeport 111,475 0.34 —— 51,475 50,000 17,501.5 —— Sacramento 112,000 —— 0.15 62,000 50,000 —— 7,500 Total 990,522 Grand Total 517,615 462,907       Here we can see that the total numbers of gallons that are delivered from Cincinnati are more than 500,000 gallons. So we are short of 17,615 gallons of the locomotives cleaning agent that has to be delivered from Cincinnati. To satisfy the requirement of the majority of the dealers in the remaining locations, and considering the profits, all the 17,615 gallons of the cleaning agent is reduced from the Pendleton deal.   Ã‚                                         Table2.2    No. of gallons required Production cost for the total number of gallons Total charges for shipping Total expenditure from    Cincinnati ($1.20/gallon) Oakland ($1.65/gallon) Cincinnati Oakland Cincinnati Oakland Santa Ana 22,418 —– $36,989.70 —– $4,931.96 —– $41,921.66 El Paso 6,800 —– $11,220.00 —– $5,032.00 —– $16,252.00 Pendleton 62,675 $15,210.00 $82,500.00 $10,520.25 $24,500.00 $25,730.25 $107,000.00 Houston 100,477 $60,536.40 $82,500.00 $22,701.15 —– $83,237.55 $82,500.00 Kansas city 241,570 $229,884.00 $82,500.00 $68,965.20 —– $298,849.20 $82,500.00 Los Angeles 64,761 $17,713.20 $82,500.00 —— $11,000.00 $17,713.20 $93,500.00 Glendale 33,689 —— $55,586.85 —— $7,411.58 —— $62,998.43 Jacksonville 68,486 $22,183.20 $82,500.00 $6,285.24 —— $28,468.44 $82,500.00 Little Rock 148,586 $118,303.20 $82,500.00 $33,519.24 —— $151,822.44 $82,500.00 Bridgeport 111,475 $61,770.00 $82,500.00 $17,501.50 —— $79,271.50 $82,500.00 Sacramento 112,000 $74,400.00 $82,500.00 —— $7,500.00 $74,400.00 $90,000.00    After reducing the supply to the Pendleton concerning larger profits, the total no. of gallons of cleaning agent sent to the Pendleton will be 17,615 less than that stated in Table-2.1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Table-2.3    No. of gallons required No. of gallons supplied Total Expenditure (in $) Total Income from each location (15% more than the actual cost) Santa Ana 22,418 22,418 $41,921.66 $48,209.91 El Paso 6,800 6,800 $16,252.00 $18,689.80 Pendleton*** 80,290 62,675 $132,730.25 $152,639.79 Houston 100,477 100,477 $165,737.55 $190,598.18 Kansas city 241,570 241,570 $381,349.20 $438,551.58 Los Angeles 64,761 64,761 $111,213.20 $127,895.18 Glendale 33,689 33,689 $62,998.43 $72,448.20 Jacksonville 68,486 68,486 $110,968.44 $127,613.71 Little Rock 148,586 148,586 $234,322.44 $269,470.81 Bridgeport 111,475 111,475 $161,771.50 $186,037.23 Sacramento 112,000 112,000 $164,400.00 $189,060.00 TOTAL 990,552 972,937 $1,583,464.67 $1,821,214.39 *** indicates the locations that are short of the locomotive cleaning agent than they require by any amount. Conclusion: Hence the net profit made for one year is $237,749.72 and if the bid is made for one year the total amount has to be $1,821,214.39 but given that the bid has to be made for two years. Then the bid price would be $3,642,428.78 And the profit expected in two years (taken the oil prices are fixed) is $475,499.44 If the oil price is hiked by 15% then also profit is expected for the Solution Plus Company as there are few locations which are supplied with the cleaning agents without any shipping charges. So only a marginal amount of profit can be made in two years even after placing the bid.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   If the price of oil is slashed by any margin, then there will be more profits for the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Company after one year.

Dubliners, Counterparts Essay

1. The main character of the story is Farrington, an alcoholic who works as a clerk, and is bullied and verbally abused by his boss, Mr. Alleyne. Miss Delacour plays the role of a wealthy client. Mr. Shelley is the head clerk at Farrington’s office. The characters Nosey Flynne, O’Halloran, Callan, Paddy Leonard are the men whom Farrington spends his evenings with, drinking at pubs. Weathers is one of the younger men who meet with him at the pubs, in this story he beat Farrington at arm wrestling. Tom is Farrington’s son who, at the end of the story, is beaten by his drunken father. 2. â€Å"He had done for himself in the office, pawned his watch, spend all of his money; and he had not even got drunk† (95). Farrington’s life is repetitious, working as a clerk and producing copies all day long is the type of repetition that adds to his misery. Alcohol plays a key part in his depression and is the highlight of his day, it is the reason for him to pawn his watch and spend his remains on alcohol. Similar to his repetitious life in the office, drinking with his friends is a part of his daily routine as well. Every evening Farrington and his friends take turns buying rounds for each other, spending and consuming, again and again. Weathers is a character that plays a significant role in Farrington’s realization about how his routines and traditions do not benefit him, but instead harm him. Each of his problems follows him wherever he goes. For an example, he brought his problems with his boss, Mr. Alleyne, from work to the pub with him, and while he continued to drink, those problems only began to snowball and irritate him more. He also brought his problems back into his home with him later that night, and took them out on his son by beating him. It is clear that Farrington is oblivious to his anger and does not know that the he makes bad choices. His work life is the same as his social life and his family life. There is not a part of his life can let him break away from from any other part because every aspect has the ability to make him very angry. By making bad choices such as pawning his watch, drinking excessively, and being rude to his boss, Farrington consistently continues to make life worse for himself. 3. Farrington is an office clerk who is treated poorly by his boss. Upon having to complete a task at work, it becomes apparent that Farrington is a lazy alcoholic as he sneaks out of the office to get a quick drink and never finishes his job. Mr. Alleyne gets angry at Farrington, yells at him, and ends up embarrassing him in front of a Miss Delacour, which makes Farrington feel even more miserable. Later on, Farrington pawns his watch in exchange for alcohol money, and goes out with his friends to the pub for the rest of the night. The more Farrington drinks, he becomes increasingly upset throughout the night, thinking about his lifestyle and drinking habits. In the end, when he got home to a cold dinner and found that the fire to warm it had gone out, he scolded his young son Tom, who pleaded for mercy. 4. The central conflict of the story is escape combined with the abuse of alcohol. Throughout the story Farrington was feeling trapped and wished to escape that lonely and miserable feeling. He was very angry and he had given up on himself by slacking at work, pawning his watch, and spending all of his money. Farrington’s realization these trapped feelings became apparent when the narrator said, â€Å"He had lost his reputation as a strong man, having been defeated twice by a mere boy† (95). The passage is explaining Farrington’s feelings after Weathers defeated him in arm wrestling, and we learn that he ends up taking that anger out on his son. In the story the abuse of alcohol represents a lack of self- control and feeling of self worth that lead to violence. It turns out that the easy escape Farrington had longed for would be impossible for the drunken man to achieve. Instead of escaping, he deceived himself by deceiving his family. 5. Routine and the repetition are two themes present in this story. The narrator said, â€Å"His body ached to do something, to rush out and revel in violence. All the indignities of his life enraged him† (89).This passage explains the everyday repetitious life of Farrington, and how he needed to escape that kind of a lifestyle. These routines and repetitions have trapped him in a vicious cycle of irritation and violence. Routines have an effect on people often involved in many difficult dilemmas, and the routines of his life trap him from being able to have new encounters and new beginnings. These consequences of never breaking away from the same routines can also lead to loneliness and unhappiness. In the story â€Å"Counterparts†, Farrington is able to show these results and brutality of a repetitive lifestyle.